Wikipedia

Nanjingdialekt

Nanjingdialekt, eller nanjingmandarin, (kinesisk: 南京話) er en dialekt av jianghuaimandarin som tales i Nanjing i Kina.[1]

Prominens rediger

Jianghuaimandarin, som nanjingdialekten er representativ for, var muligens morsmålet for grunnleggeren av mingdynastiet, Zhu Yuanzhang, og mange av hans generaler og embedsmenn.[2] Nanjing har vært Kinas hovedstad i flere perioder, og språket der har dermed periodevis vær kinesisk prestisjedialekt.

Studier av nanjingdialekten rediger

Sentrale studier av dialekten er Syllabar des Nankingdialektes oder der correkten Aussprache sammt Vocabular av Franz Kühnert,[3] og Die Nanking Kuanhua av K. Hemeling.[4][5][6][7][8] Verket English & Chinese vocabulary in the court dialect av Samuel Wells Williams var basert på nanjingdialekten, ikke beijingdialekten.[9]

Referanser rediger

Uoversatt: Denne artikkelen er delvis på Referanselisten har en rekke lange kommentarer som er på engelsk, slett eller oversett!, og ikke fullstendig oversatt til norsk
  1. ^ Anna Wierzbicka (2002). Cliff Goddard, Anna Wierzbicka, red. Meaning and universal grammar: theory and empirical findings. Volume 60 of Studies in language Amsterdam / Companion series Volume 1 of Meaning and Universal Grammar (illustrated utg.). John Benjamins Publishing Company. s. 244. ISBN 90-272-3063-3. Besøkt 23. september 2011. «Table 5.1: Five main Mandarin dialect groupings Northern Mandarin Hebei, including Greater Beijing; ... Gansu; Qinghai; Ningxia Northwestern Mandarin areas of Gansu; Xinjiang and Ningxia dialects Jiang-Huai or Xiajiang Nanjing» 
  2. ^ Ming studies, Issue 56. Ming studies. 2007. s. 107. Besøkt 23. september 2011. «The first Ming emperor, Zhu Yuanzhang t^tcSj!, and a large number of his civil and military officials hailed from the Yangtze watershed and spoke dialects of the southern Mandarin or Jiang-Huai type, to which the dialect of Nanjing» [1]
  3. ^ Bangxin Ding, Aiqin Yu, Fanggui Li (2000). Yu yan bian hua yu Han yu fang yan: Li Fanggui xian sheng ji nian lun wen ji. Zhong yang yan jiu yuan yu yan xue yan jiu suo chou bei chu. s. 74. Besøkt 10. februar 2012. «Nankingese is the only dialect in the group for which pre-modern records exist. The two major sources are the following: (1) Franz Kühnert, Syllabar des Nankingdialektes oder der correkten Aussprache sammt Vocabular, Vienna. 1898. For interpretation of Kühnert's transcription, an earlier article (Kühnert 1894) was also used. The transcription, which is extremely involved and complex, has been slightly» (the University of California)
  4. ^ Bangxin Ding, Aiqin Yu, Fanggui Li (2000). Yu yan bian hua yu Han yu fang yan: Li Fanggui xian sheng ji nian lun wen ji. Zhong yang yan jiu yuan yu yan xue yan jiu suo chou bei chu. s. 74. Besøkt 10. februar 2012. «(2) K. Hemeling, Die Nanking Kuanhua, Gottingen, 1907. This work is ostensibly a study of and syllabary for Nanking Guanhua, but in fact it deals with a spoken variety of the city dialect rather than the koine per se. Hemeling notes (1907: v-vi) that the Nankingese variety he records is different in certain respects from that studied by Kühnert. Somewhat earlier than these works is a set of random notes on the dialect by Edkins (1864:Cjap.4). All of these sources attest to archaic features no longer preserved in those forms» (the University of California)
  5. ^ Norsk orientalsk selskap, Oosters Genootschap in Nederland, Orientalsk samfund (Denmark) (2002). Acta orientalia, Volumes 63-64. Munksgaard. s. 209. Besøkt 10. februar 2012. «2) K. Hemeling, Die Nanking Kuanhua, Göttingen, 1907. This work is ostensibly a study of and syllabary for Nanking Guanhua, but in fact it deals with a spoken variety of the city dialect rather than the now defunct koine per se. Hemeling notes (1907: v-vi) that the Nankingese variety he records is different in certain respects from that studied by Kühnert.» ()
  6. ^ University of California, Berkeley. Project on Linguistic Analysis (2000). Journal of Chinese linguistics, Volume 28. Project on Linguistic Analysis. s. 54. Besøkt 10. februar 2012. «2) K. Hemeling, Die Nanking Kuanhua, Gdttingen, 1907. This work is ostensibly a study of and syllabary for Nanking Guanhua, but in fact it deals with a spoken variety of the city dialect rather than the koine per se. Hemeling notes (1907: v-vi) that the Nankingese variety he records is different in certain respects from that studied by Kühnert.» (the University of Virginia)
  7. ^ Fu ren da xue (Beijing, China), S.V.D. Research Institute, Society of the Divine Word, Monumenta Serica Institute (2000). Monumenta serica, Volume 48. H. Vetch. s. 271. Besøkt 10. februar 2012. «2) K. Hemeling, Die Nanking Kuanhua, Gottingen, 1907. This work is ostensibly a study of and syllabary for Nanking Guanhua, but in fact it deals with a spoken variety of the city dialect rather than the koine per se. Hemeling notes (1907: v-vi) that the Nankingese variety he records is different in certain respects from that studied by Kühnert.» ()
  8. ^ Luzac & Co., firm, booksellers, London (januar–desember 1907). Luzac's oriental list and book review, Volume 18. VOL. XVIII. London LUZAC & CO. PUBLISHERS TO THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. 46, GREAT RUSSELL STREET, W. C.: Luzac & Co. s. 139. Besøkt 10. februar 2012. «HEMELING (K.) — The Nanking Kuan Hua. 8vo. pp. 109. Leipsic, 1907. 4s.» (Princeton University)
  9. ^ Samuel Wells Williams (1844). English & Chinese vocabulary in the court dialect. MACAO: PRINTED AT THE OFFICE OF THE CHINESE REPOSITORY: Office of the Chinese Repository. s. xxvi. Besøkt 1. mars 2012. (Lyon Public Library)(Digitized Jul 26, 2011)

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